When Emerson later brought him back to Missouri, Scott sued for his freedom in a Missouri court, claiming that his temporary residency in the “free” Louisiana territory had automatically made him a free man. In 1843, Emerson took Scott from Missouri, a pro-slavery state, to the Louisiana Territory, where enslavement had been banned by the Missouri Compromise of 1820. territories.ĭred Scott, the plaintiff in the case, was an enslaved man and his enslaver was John Emerson of Missouri. The Court also ruled the Missouri Compromise of 1820 unconstitutional and banned Congress from outlawing enslavement in new U.S. Ruling: The Supreme Court ruled 7-2 that enslaved people and their descendants, whether free or not, could not be American citizens and thus had no right to sue in federal court.Majority Decision: Chief Justice Taney with Justices Wayne, Catron, Daniel, Nelson, Grier, and Campbell.Key Question: Were enslaved American citizens protected under the U.S.Respondent: John Sanford, the enslaver of Dred Scott.Petitioner: Dred Scott, an enslaved man.
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